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SUNK COST

Jillian Berman

Who's to Blame for the Nation's Broken Student Loan System and How to Fix It

Exposes the forgotten origins of the student loan system, how politicians have attempted to fix it, and the life-altering damage borrowers face.
Student-loan horror stories are a dime a dozen. But students today are faced with a seemingly insurmountable paradox: Research consistently shows that the clearest viable option to financial stability is a college degree. But if and when Americans decide to pursue diplomas, student loan payments quickly follow, and even after securing full-time employment, many borrowers struggle to make ends meet for years. In Sunk Cost, journalist Jillian Berman explores how the nation's student loan program went from a well-intentioned initiative aimed at helping low- and middle-income students afford college to one that traps borrowers in long-term debt.

Berman interviewed dozens of borrowers and policymakers and dug into the archives to unearth the true causes of the student loan problem. A couple of generations ago, policy makers generously subsidized Americans' college educations because they knew it would be advantageous for the entire country: a more educated population meant better quality of life for all. But today, higher education is viewed as an individual goal, so students and their families are expected to be on the hook for it themselves. Berman explains how this enormous shift happened, which industries benefit from it, and what it means for college-going Americans today. She shares real-life stories of college graduates who are being crushed under some of the harshest consequences of the student loan system. These borrowers pursued higher education in hopes of a better life and yet some have been trapped in debt for decades, making it difficult to put food on the table, much less imagine a life beyond debt.

By connecting personal accounts to the policy history of student loans, Berman makes clear that if American society continues to push students toward higher education, but fails to truly subsidize it, the financial strain will become unbearable for all but the most privileged. The current system is broken, but Berman proposes that significant changes are possible, and will require political will from state lawmakers and Congress, along with a philosophical shift, to tackle one of the largest consumer finance challenges of our time.

Jillian Berman is an award-winning reporter at MarketWatch, where she has covered student debt for a decade. Before her time at MarketWatch, Jillian wrote about food and retail companies at HuffPost. Her work has appeared in the Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg, and USA Today.
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Published 2025-04-01 by University of Chicago Press

Comments

Finally, the kind of reporting that this major economic and social driver of recent American history deserves. Student loan debt is shaping the present and future of America, and Jillian Berman shows how and why.

A rigorous and lucid account of an opaque bureaucratic history.

We all owe Jillian Berman a huge debt for her years of incisive reporting from the frontlines of the student loan crisis. Now her deep knowledge, insight, and empathy are on full display in this incredible and timely book. Read it to understand how we got here and why we can't afford not to cancel student debt.